🔋 Batteries in Air Transport
Batteries fall into several categories, with the most commonly transported being:
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Lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion) – rechargeable (e.g., mobile phones, laptops)
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UN 3480: standalone
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UN 3481: contained in equipment or packed with equipment
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Lithium metal batteries (Li-metal) – non-rechargeable (e.g., button cells, sensors)
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UN 3090: standalone
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UN 3091: contained in equipment or packed with equipment
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Sodium batteries (UN 3292) – newer technology, non-flammable, but reactive with water
📱Lithium-Ion Batteries (rechargeable)
power drills, mobile phones, tablets, cameras, e-bikes, drones

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Lithium Ion Batteries UN3480 PI965 - standalone

UN 3480 PI965 refers to standalone lithium-ion batteries that are neither installed in equipment nor packed with it. Typical examples include power banks, spare batteries for laptops, or tools.
Section IA over 100 Wh up to 300 Wh - CAO only, maximum net battery weight per package 35 kg
Section IB do 100 Wh - CAO only, maximum net battery weight per package 10 kg
IB section is intended for situation, when:
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You have smaller batteries (up to 100 Wh)
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But you are shipping more than two of them in one package
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And yet you are not in the fully regulated Category IA.
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Lithium Ion Batteries UN3481 PI966 - packed with equipment

If you are shipping equipment such as tools, devices, or electronics, and you include a spare battery in the box, this falls under Category UN 3481 PI966 – packed with equipment.
Section I over 100 Wh - For PAX (passenger) flights: up to 5 kg per package; over 5 kg up to 35 kg per package CAO
Section II 100 Wh or less - for PAX (passenger) flights, up to 5 kg per package
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Lithium Ion Batteries UN3481 PI967 - contained in equipment

Your device has a battery installed inside – e.g., a laptop, camera, mobile phone, or tablet. Such a shipment falls under the simplified transport regulations according to IATA, UN 3481 PI 967
Section I over 100 Wh - For PAX (passenger) flights, up to 5 kg per package
The battery has a capacity greater than 100 Wh, or you are shipping a larger quantity of devices
Section II 100 Wh or less - If each battery has a capacity of up to 100 Wh and the total net weight of batteries in one package does not exceed 5 kg, the shipment may be transported under the simplified regulations according to PI 967, Section II
⌚Lithium Metal Batteries (non-rechargeable)
button batteries, watches, motherboards, flashlights, alarms, remote controls

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Lithium Metal Batteries UN3090 PI968 - standalone

Non-rechargeable lithium batteries that are not part of any device – e.g., button cells or spare batteries for equipment.
These batteries fall under the transport regulation UN 3090 PI968 and, due to their metallic lithium content, are subject to strict regulations.
Section IA more than 2g lithium in the battery - CAO only, maximum net battery weight per package 35 kg
Section IB 2g lithium or less - CAO only, Section IB is used if you are shipping more small lithium metal batteries (each containing up to 2 g of lithium) than allowed in Section II.
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Lithium Metal Batteries UN3091 PI969 - packed with equipment

If you are shipping equipment and the package includes separately packed non-rechargeable lithium batteries—such as spare cells for detectors or measuring instruments—the shipment falls under transport regulation UN 3091 – PI 969.
Depending on how many batteries you are shipping and their lithium content, we choose either the simplified regime (Section II) – without declaration, or the fully regulated transport (Section I), which requires special packaging, labeling, and documentation.
Section I more than 2g lithium in the battery -For PAX (passenger) flights, up to 5 kg per package
Section II 2g lithium or less - For PAX (passenger) flights, up to 5 kg per package
If each battery contains less than 2 grams of lithium and there are no more than two batteries per package, no dangerous goods declaration is required.
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Lithium Metal Batteries UN3091 PI970 - contained in equipment

UN 3091 PI 970 the battery is installed inside the device, meaning the power source is integrated – e.g., remote controls, watches, calculators, data loggers, sensors, devices with built-in cells.
The battery is not packed separately but is part of the device (cannot be removed immediately without disassembly).
The device contains a non-rechargeable lithium battery installed inside—for example, in a remote control or other equipment.
If the batteries are small (up to 2 grams of lithium) and meet quantity limits, the shipment can be sent under the simplified regime—without a dangerous goods declaration and with minimal labeling.
Section I more than 2g lithium in the battery - For PAX (passenger) flights, up to 5 kg per package
Section I is used for shipping equipment that contains larger or more non-rechargeable batteries than allowed under the simplified regime.
Section II 2g lithia or less - for PAX passenger flights up to 5 kg per package
Typical for button batteries in devices (watches, motherboards)
